The swiftly melting permafrost of the Arctic is releasing toxic metals like zinc, cadmium, and iron into Alaskan waterways. The contaminant levels are so high that it’s staining many rivers Keep reading
Tag: dissolution
Bubbles Encased in Ice
If you’ve ever made ice in a freezer, you’ve probably noticed the streaks of frozen bubbles inside the ice. In its liquid state, water is good at dissolving various gases Keep reading
Frozen in Ice
Air can dissolve in water, but not in ice. So as water freezes, any dissolved gases have to get squeezed out in order for the ice crystals to grow. Once Keep reading
Snowing in the Core
Some rocky planetary bodies, like Jupiter‘s moon Ganymede, generate magnetic fields through snow-like, solid precipitation that falls in their liquid metal cores. To study this peculiar and complex arrangement, researchers Keep reading
Vietnam’s Emerald Isles
Vietnam’s Hạ Long Bay is home to more than 1,600 islands, many of them made up of mountainous limestone. The area is famous for its karst features, a type of Keep reading
Watery Salt Flats
Unusually high rainfall in Bolivia’s Salar de Uyuni turned the world’s largest salt flat into a shallow salt lake. These natural-color satellite images show the area in late January 2022. Keep reading
Dissolving Pinnacles
Limestone and other water-soluble rocks sometimes form sharp stone pinnacles like the ones seen here in Borneo. Scientists have recreated these structures in the laboratory simply by immersing water-soluble substances Keep reading
Conserving the Hill House
In 1904, Scottish architect Charles Rennie Mackintosh created the Hill House, a masterpiece of modern design decades ahead of its time. Unfortunately, the Portland cement used for the house’s exterior Keep reading
How Sinkholes Form
Growing up in the Ozarks, I explored my fair share of caves and sinkholes. These geological features form when flowing groundwater erodes soil, sand, and even rock underground. The Ozark Keep reading
Uncovering Erosion Patterns
Gypsum and limestone cliffs sometimes form patterns of long, parallel grooves known as rillenkarren. Recent research shows that these patterns form when a thin layer of water flows over a Keep reading