Celebrating the physics of all that flows with Nicole Sharp, Ph.D.
- Profile
Burning a Rocket Underwater
In a recent video, Warped Perception filmed a model rocket engine firing underwater. Firstly, it’s no surprise that the engine would still operate underwater (after its wax waterproofing). The solid propellant inside the engine is a mixture of fuel and oxidizer, so it has all the oxygen it needs. Fluid dynamically speaking, though, this high-speed footage…
The Elastic Leidenfrost Effect
Drop some hydrogel beads in a hot frying pan and they’ll bounce, hiss, and screech. Normally, if you drop a ball, it bounces to ever smaller heights until it comes to rest. In contrast, on a hot surface the hydrogel can bounce to a steady height for minutes at a time, raising a question: where…
Impressionist Gibraltar
Swirls of phytoplankton make this satellite image of Gibraltar look like an Impressionist painting. The photo is a composite of data from several instruments, with colors enhanced to highlight features of the phytoplankton blooms. The tiny plankton act as tracer particles that reveal some of the complex flow between the North Atlantic and the Mediterranean.…
Kelvin-Helmholtz Instability
Sixty Symbols has a great new video explaining the laboratory set-up for demoing a Kelvin-Helmholtz instability. You can see a close-up from the demo above. Here the pink liquid is fresh water and the blue is slightly denser salt water. When the tank holding them is tipped, the lighter fresh water flows upward while the…
How Smoke Rings Work
Vortices are a ubiquitous part of life, whether they’re draining down your bathtub or propelling underwater robots. In the latest video from the Lib Lab project, you can learn about how vortex rings form, what makes them last so long, and even make a vortex generator of your own. I can personally attest that vortex…
Hagfish Crash
Last week a flatbed truck in Oregon overturned and released 3400 kilograms of live hagfish on the highway and nearby cars. Hagfish are eel-like fish known for their impressive slime production. When threatened, the hagfish produce mucins that, when combined with water, form an extremely viscoelastic mucus. As it’s stretched, the mucus thickens and becomes…
Equatorial Streaming
Here you see a millimeter-sized droplet suspended in a fluid that is more electrically conductive than it. When exposed to a high DC electric field, the suspended drop begins to flatten. A thin rim of fluid extends from the drop’s midplane in an instability called “equatorial streaming”. As seen in the close-up animation, the rim…
The Winds of Mars
The Martian atmosphere is scant compared to Earth’s, but its winds still sculpt and change the surface regularly. The average atmospheric pressure on Mars is only 0.6% of Earth’s, and the density is similarly low at 1.7% of Earth’s. Despite this thinness, Martian winds are still substantial enough to shift sands on a daily basis,…
Break-Up of the Chelyabinsk Meteor
In 2013, a meteor about 20-meters in diameter broke up over Chelyabinsk, Russia in a dramatic display that damaged buildings within 100 km and injured more than 1200 people. To better understand the threat presented by such objects, NASA has been conducting 3D, hypersonic simulations like the one shown here. The meteor material is shown…
Reader Question: Drafting in Time Trials
In a comment on this recent post regarding drafting advantages to a leader, reader fey-ruz asks: in cycling, team follow cars are required to maintain a minimum distance from their riders during time trials for this very reason (although i imagine the effects in that context are much smaller and dependent on the conditions, esp the…